BUNKER SAND

Bunker: Yellow Bunker Sand (YG3B) and  White Bunker Sand (W#60)

The Sand is a medium sand with 84.1% particles within the USGA recommended range of 1.0 to 0.25mm for a bunker sand. The USGA recommends a minimum of 65% particles within this range. Therefore, this Sand easily meets the USGA particle size recommendation for selecting a bunker sand.

The Sand has a minimal amount (#3%) of silt and clay at 0.9%, so crusting of the surface layer should not be a problem.

The Sand is mostly sub-angular in the very coarse and coarse sand fractions, sub-rounded in the medium and fine sand fractions, and medium sphericity in particle shape.

The Sand has a good slight off-white color.

The Sand has a penetrometer reading of 2.8 kg/cm2 which means it has a very low tendency to bury based on this fried-egg lie potential test.

The Sand is a silica sand and not a calcareous sand with a soil water pH of 6.0.

The Sand had a water permeability rate of 66.7 in/hr. when compacted by the USGA procedure ASTM F1815 to simulate a compacted golf green. This is a very adequate rate for a bunker sand. The USGA recommends a rate >20 in/hr. for a bunker sand.

Conclusion: According to USGA guidelines for selecting a bunker sand, this Sand is a very good bunker sand. This Sand is outstanding in the seven guidelines the USGA recommends for selecting a bunker sand (enclosed).

Particle size distribution of Yellow Bunker sand YG3B_Tifton Physical Soil Testing Lab_USGA

8#

2.36mm

10#

2.0mm

18#

1.0mm

35#

0.5mm

60#

0.25mm

100#

0.15mm

140-270#

0.15-0.05

Silt/Clay

<0.05mm

USGA Guideline 0 0 <5% >35% >40% 8-13% <1.5% <0.5%
Yellow Bunker sand YG3B 0 0 2.7% 40.8% 46.4% 8.3% 1.0% 0.8%

Particle size distribution of White Bunker sand (W#60 – W#30)_Tifton Physical Soil Testing Lab_USGA

8#

2.36mm

10#

2.0mm

18#

1.0mm

35#

0.5mm

60#

0.25mm

100#

0.15mm

140-270#

0.15-0.05

Silt /Clay

<0.05mm

USGA Guideline 0 0 <5% No limit >60% <17% <3% <0.5 %
White Bunker sand (W#60 – W#30) 0 0
Princeville Prince Maui Hawaii (Robert Trent Jones Jr Design)

 

Royal Hawaiin Kailua ( Greg Norman Design)